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In February 1996, IBM's computer chess program "Deep Blue"
defeated Garry Kasparov in one game using normal time controls, in
Deep Blue - Kasparov,
1996, Game 1.
However, Kasparov retorted with 3 wins and 2 draws, soundly winning the
match. In May 1997, IBM's updated "Deep Blue" defeated Kasparov. This was
the first time a computer had ever defeated a world champion.
Also see the
Deep Blue
vs Garry Kasparov, 1997 video and Garry
Kasparov biography.